Guinea Grass And The Mango Tree - 1627 Words

Producers in an ecosystem are typically plants or other autotrophic organisms. The Hot Zone by Richard Preston implies that mango trees and African grasses serve as producers in their respective ecosystems. The mango tree is native to central Africa. Mango trees achieve heights of 90ft and widths of 80ft because of their deep-set roots and stable bases (Wanitprapha). The mango tree belongs to genus Mangifera and the most common mango species is Mangifera indica. The mango is a food source for frugivores, and its soft skin allows many species access to its sugary pulp. Guinea grass is another producer on the African continent. Guinea grass is the favored food for all grazing herbivores that inhabit the African plains. This absolute†¦show more content†¦The wingspan of a megabat can range from 6cm to 1.7m and they weigh up to 3.5lb. Their diet consists of vegetables, nectar, coconut, and mango. Megabats help pollinate flowers by storing pollen on their chests; this is an examp le of interdependency between producers and consumers. Therefore, the fruit bat concomitantly serves an abiotic factor in an ecosystem. In 2007, fruit bats in Gabon were found to be carriers of the deadly Marburg virus (Deadly). This carrier function affects other consumers by potentially killing off a predatory population. The Cape buffalo is another commonly found African consumer. Cape buffalos are the only indigenous bovines to roam the African plains. Cape buffalo are massive creatures; they weigh one ton and stand five feet above the ground (Estes). A Cape buffalo’s diet consists of grass and other vegetation; therefore, they are herbivores. Cape buffalo belong to the genus Syncerus and species S. caffer. The Cape buffalo contributes to the ecosystem by consuming grasses and then converting them into decomposable excrement. The Cape buffalo also servers as potential food for secondary consumers and tertiary consumers. Consumers are vital to an ecosystem because they hel p maintain population equilibrium. Abiotic components serve as the foundations for an ecosystem; they implicitly dictate which types of organisms can inhabit certain environments. Sunlight is an abiotic factor that affects a plant species’ growth and ubiquity. The

Public Health Assignment Essay - 2168 Words

Public health (PH) is an issue continually on the UK Government agenda and one in which it is anticipated that all health professionals will participate in (Nuttall, 2008). PH focuses on the health and well-being of a society and is the most effective means of protecting and improving it. It addresses the root causes of illness and disease, including the interacting social environmental, biological, and psychological dimensions, as well as the provision of effective health services. PH relies on evidence, judgement and skills and promotes the participation of the populations who are themselves the subject of policy and action (United Kingdom Public Health Association (UKPHA), 2008). Health promotion is a process of enabling people to†¦show more content†¦This means that seeing an individual in terms of only one aspect of their identity can be unproductive (Weaver, 2009). All mothers present at the health promotion event were of the same culture, but if there had been mothers there of different culture, their needs would have been taken into account. An example of this would be having an interpreter present at the event and the information leaflets being in their own language. Sure Start does provide interpreters for the Polish and Hungarian mothers within the community, but due to low funding in the community, this service is not always available. When researching this topic, there is a website available, called Polish Information Plus (2009), this service translates all the National Health Service leaflets into Polish, many of these leaflets include, child immunizations, cervical screening and other health related issues. The health visitor states that a lot of her clients are polish mothers, and this service is very beneficial for them. According to Weaver (2009), providing easy access to information, and keeping this information in a simple format, this includes accommodating the information needs of those for whom English is not a first language. A health needs assessment (HNA) is a systematic method for reviewing the health issues facing a population, leading to agreed to priorities and resource allocation that will reduce inequalities and improve health (Hooper andShow MoreRelatedWhy I Am A Doctor875 Words   |  4 Pagesappreciation of public service. Making a difference in people s lives has become my career goal, so becoming a doctor was an ideal path to achieve that. During medical school, I participated in many public health initiatives through the International Federation of Medical Students Associations. I led local campaigns and worked on publications to raise awareness on breast cancer, tuberculosis, smoking, breastfeeding interruption, female genital mutilation, HIV/AIDS, and other global health issues. 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X Relative Clause Free Essays

string(54) " do on your computer is also being done in the cloud\." Words from the text Meanings lifted 1 . Appeared for the first time came on the scene 2. Accepting Clashing with 3. We will write a custom essay sample on X: Relative Clause or any similar topic only for you Order Now Moving to a new position decimated 4. To blame Apple embracing 5. Loses the opportunity/ -ties is lifting 6. Stole shifting 7. Be expert in reshaping 8. Changing the structure to do so 9. Destroyed misses out on 10. Is raising too higher level excelled at 11. In conflict with 5 Ideas Apple Gleefully Stole From Google, Twitter, and Microsoft By Mark Wilson (12 December 2013) (Modified Version) Mark Wilson is a writer who started Philanthropy. Com. His work has also appeared at Gizmo, Kodak, Pommel, Oppose, Esquire, American Photo and Lucky Peach. . If sis 7 and SO X Mavericks look a bit familiar, yet , there are at least five good reasons for that. Apple lifted them from other innovators, and then made them slightly better. For those who’ve been following the minor details of interface design, you will see that many of their ideas, from SO X Maverick to sis 7 are actually old, or at the very least familiar. It is impossible to look at Apple’s latest software without seeing the influence of Windows 8, Android, and even Chromosomes. But as Steve Jobs once famously paraphrased (and the tech press has mentioned this quite often), â€Å"Good artists borrow, great artists steal. † Here is some of what Apple stole in their latest software updates and, in many cases, made better: 2. The first thing you notice when looking at sis 7 is the flatness. The home screen’s icons lack a plastic sheen (shine). Message’s chat bubbles are no longer bubbly. Furthermore, each button has been improved with a 2-D presence. 3. But the second thing you will notice are the liberal printed directly on a pane of glass. Meanwhile, your desktop or app blurs away in the background–still there, Just no longer noticeable. 4. It’s a trick that we originally saw n Rare, the Windows Vista transparent interface that was complained for requiring powerful graphics cards. Also, there is a big difference in implementation. Whereas Microsoft used transparency to sell us on the grandeur (greatness) of 3-D, Apple is using it to subtly highlight the otherwise hidden depth of its â€Å"flat† interface. The effect is humbugging (improved culture), as a photo of a friend or child hides below, tempering the graphic minimalism (simplicity). 5. When Android came on the scene, it was incredibly ugly, however, it came with one stunning (special) feature known as live wallpapers. They were actually a poor design choice, generally clashing with icons and distracting your eye from the I-Jell. Moreover, they further decimated Android’s already horrible battery life. 6. Today, Apple isn’t embracing a fully animated background with sis 7, but it is lifting the detailed weather screens that were probably the live wallpaper’s greatest hallmark. More importantly, though, Apple is also animating the homepage in a far subtler way: parallax (make it come alive) viewing. As the angle of the phone changes in your hand, the image shifts so you can actually look around and under icons. No doubt Google wanted your desktop to feel alive. With sis g’s responsive, parallax home screen, the phone might Just do that. 7. Apple is shifting APS like rework to a browser-based panel, where every change you make is automatically synced (synchronized) in the cloud. You can even open rework on a PC and, because of this setup, experience the same rework I-Jell as you have on your Mac. Like a car company reshaping the lines of its iconic (well known) sports car over five to ten years, Apple is coyly (very slowly) easing us into the app as a cloud wrapper, while solving one of Apple’s greatest problems today: How to sync a seer’s APS across desktops and mobiles. Now, is that the right approach for a design leader? I don’t know. But it is the proven way for a big company to make big changes without causing frustrations for the consumers. But In Design, Stealing Is A Good Thing 8. It is easy to read an article like this one and blame Apple. But to do so misses out on the greater narrative at play. Truth be told, Apple is rarely the first to market with any technological trick. Moreover, it even stole the GUI from Xerox! What Apple has excelled at (outshines) for decades is the ability to lift all the right parts of all the eight designs and place them all in the right places. Apple will sell us on Chromosomes, in their own way, Just like it convinced us that a battery-powered hard drive was the greatest portable music player ever invented. In Apple’s hands, discrete (separate) piece of design can become a masterpiece. Activity 3: [Individual / Pair-work] There are all together eight paragraphs. In the table below, each paragraph has been summarized in two ways. Your task is to identify the best summary of each paragraph and your lecturer will lead a discussion on the correct answers. Paragraph One Sentence Summary . Apple has been modifying other tech giants’ ideas and has been successful in most cases. B. Apple has been illegally using other company’s ideas in its products. 2 a. The screen does not shine any more. B. Reducing its brightness and appearance of buttons in 2-D enhances the flat screen. A. Transparency is enhanced. B. Enhanced transparency allows the letters to appear clearly on the glass while the background icons weaken. 4 a. Microsoft advertised the wonderful 3-D interface, and Apple refined the concept by making it more appealing to the users. B. Apple made a trick. 5 a. The first Android came with the new concept of live wallpapers. B. Initial Android version was no t popular. 6 a. Apple’s desktop uses live wallpaper in a more humble and satisfying way. B. Apple just might beat Google in making the desktop more alive with live wallpaper. 7 a. Apple is modifying rework so that what you do on your computer is also being done in the cloud. You read "X: Relative Clause" in category "Papers" B. As Apple progressively modifies its APS, its users are also being gradually trained to use cloud-based app. 8 a. Apple’s strength is to modify the existing ideas and create a new product that becomes a work of art. B. Apple is now trying to create its Chromosomes. Activity 4 [Individual or Paperwork][ Your lecturer will give you feedback on this. ] Do this activity on a piece of paper. Write a summary of the article by following these instructions: Your summary should be no more than 70 words. Combine the one sentence summary of each paragraph. Use linking words to show the relationship between details. Add a topic sentence (a claim) to the beginning of the summary. (Look at the title of the article. How does it link to the one sentence summaries of the paragraphs? ) Add a concluding sentence to the summary. Add in-text referencing. Language in Use Make your sentence more informative with Relative Clauses Activity 1: Lecture on Relative Clause [class discussion][3 minutes] Compare the sentences in the two columns and decide which version appears to be more efficient way of writing. Why? Version A Version B The dog chased the cat that killed the mouse that ate the cheese that was made from the milk that came from the cow that farmer Simon bought. The dog chased the cat. The cat killed the mouse. The mouse ate the cheese. The cheese was made from the milk. The milk came from the cow. The farmer Simon bought a cow. Why do we use relative clauses? To add important details / information To make the sentence concise and informative To keep your focus clear Relative clause begins with a relative pronoun. Relative pronouns are: that, who, whom, whose, which, where, when, and why; Most common relative pronouns are who/ whom, whose, that, and which. ‘Comma’ or ‘No Comma’? When the relative clause adds necessary (important) information to the main sentence, NO COMMA is needed. Martin who/m I used to work with is moving to Canada. (There is more than one Martin. So it is important to specify which Martin! ) Martin, whom I worked closely with, is moving to Canada. Relative clause is not important. ) This is true only for relative clauses that appear in the middle of the main sentence. If the relative clause appears right at the start, you NEED a comma. When Martin first moved to Chucking, he could not speak Malay. If the relative clause appears right at the end, you DON’T NEED a comma. Martin could not speak Malay when he first moved to Chucking. Activity 2: Practice Write the appropriate relative pronoun in each blank below. Also, add the commas where necessary. Whom whose who that which 1 . Apple is releasing I-Phone Xi this week. Apple is a multinational company. 2. The CEO is a Malaysian. The CEO founded Giant supermarket. 3. The Malaysia Prime Minister speaks English fluently. Many people love him. . Steve Jobs died a year ago. Steve Jobs was the CEO of Apple. 5. This is the house. Jack had built this house. 6. I don’t understand people. These people eat popcorn during the movie. 7. The professor recently received a promotion. I respect him highly. 8. Susan is my cousin. Her car was stolen last week. 9. This is John. I wanted to speak to him. Ac tivity 3: Is stealing always a bad thing? [Group Discussion Blob] [10 minutes] whether the singers of the twenty songs using the same four cords in the Youth lip and Apple’s use of Microsoft’s live wallpaper technology are ethically acceptable or not. You also need to support your claim with evidence. Everyone must share your thoughts at least twice during the discussion. Remember to be polite and support your group members. Activity 4: Elaborate Argument [Discussion Board] [1 5 minutes] In the Discussion Board, write your response to the following question: When is stealing an acceptable act? You need to make reference to ‘Four Cords Songs’ and ‘5 Ideas Apple Gleefully Stole from Google’. Your paragraph should have at least six sentences. Make sure that the iris sentence clearly shows your position on this issue. Check for ‘Subject – Verb agreement’ and ‘correct verb tense’. Activity 5: Relative Clause I [lecturer will give you feedback at the end of the activity] Combine the two sentences using an appropriate relative clause. Use commas where necessary. 1. The expiration date is clearly posted on the package. Many consumers do not read the expiration date. 2. The blender is on sale today. The blender has many features. (Blenders usually come with multiple functions. ) 3. The client came from Europe. The client is satisfied with our new product. (We get linens from all over the world. 4. The client came from Europe. The client is asking for a speedy delivery. (All our clients are from Europe. ) 5. The missing meeting minutes has important details for our Director. I have been looking for the meeting minutes. (If it is missing, people should look for it! ) Activity 6: Relative Clause II [lecturer will give you feedback at the end of the activity] Rewrite combin ing the pair of sentences with a relative clause. Also, decide whether or not to use the commas. 1. Do you know the girl? The girl is talking to John. 2. An airline pilot is a trained pilot. He/ She works for a commercial airline. 4. My sister lives in KILL. She came to see me last week. (I have only one sister. ) 5. My sister lives in KILL. She came to see me last week. (I have more than one sister. ) 6. Pewter’s mother has lost her car key. Pewter’s mother is a musician. 7. Tony Fernando came to Sinecure yesterday. He is the owner of Air Asia. Activity 7: Revision [lecturer will give you feedback at the end of the activity] Choose the most appropriate ‘linking word’ from the list for each blank. Then, write one sentence summary for the paragraph. As we can see, Secondly, Finally, although Firstly, I believe that 1 behaving ethically is very important, it is difficult to define what ethical behavior is. 2 although there is some common understanding about the concept ‘ethics’, not everyone understands it in exactly the same way. 3. According to the experts, there are numerous approaches to make an ethical decision. 4. A variety of ethical decisions can be made for one same situation. 5. Since it is difficult to agree on what constitute ethical behavior, there are many instances of unethical behaviors among the government and non- government bodies all over the world. One Sentence Summary: How to cite X: Relative Clause, Papers

Understand the purpose and context of learning and development free essay sample

There are many reason why people want to learn and develop themselves, to gain more knowledge, experience new things, gain extra qualifications and to promote and project themselves forward for advancement. Myself, I like to gain as much knowledge and understanding of how things work and how to do a job the best that I can as well as gaining as many qualifications as I can also. So with that in mind, I have found that pushing myself forward and learning new skills has enabled me to gain the qualifications and skills to land the role of Trainer here at Wilkinson Service Centre 2. For Wilkinson, the real reason will be so that its employees have the right tools to carry out their jobs. Organisations which are keen to improve their productivity, efficiency and profitability will look to move beyond mandatory training and look at more diverse learning and development activities which will enable the employees to maximise their potential and provide a valuable resource for the organisation. We will write a custom essay sample on Understand the purpose and context of learning and development or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I have found that there are several reasons why team members want to learn, one of the key factors is the ever changing world we live in and the advances in technology that come with it. If I want to keep up, I must evolve and change with the times, that means I must always be willing to learn and develop in my role as a Trainer and pass that knowledge on. Fundamentally Wilkinson needs to provide learning and development to improve the skill level in its workforce and develop its teams and individuals to be polished and professional competitors in the market place. But sometimes change is the driving force behind learning and development, as the case is at present with the introduction for project Drive in the form of a new shift Patten to include 24 hour operations. So this learning and development can be from basic Maths and English, NVQs, collage funded courses to sign language and promotional individual tailored development courses. So Wilkinson is looking at improving its work force and individual basic Maths and English, specially helping our eastern European workers (Polish) by entering into a partnership with Colag Gwent to provide English as a second language (EASL) in work time at no cost to the employee. This being a two way partnership with team members improving their knowledge and understanding as well as speaking English and Wilkinson having team members from the eastern European countries that can be understood by the local team members. In fact, we have recently had a team member from Poland promoted to a team leader’s position whereby they now look after the needs of twenty team members in her team. At the same time Wilkinson actively look out for potential candidates for promotion within the Service Centre. Some team members will look for development, some will wait until a job become available, but as a Trainer, I will talent spot and coach individuals through Jenison e-learning programmes attached to the individual LMS (Learning Management System) profile so that they have some basic understanding before applying for a promotional advancement. 1. 2 Learning and development primarily takes place within on the job training by coaches and mentors here in Wilkinson. As a trainer, I assist in the PC side of electronic learning as well as individual training programmes that require monitoring. But also when change comes around. Each year most of the management will be moved to new teams and departments for the year, this is re-organising the team, and this requires myself and the other trainers to be on our toes to assist in bedding them in. New team members to management are required to complete several electronic learning programmes, such as Jenison, PCI and a variety of success planning electronically. Some of this PC based learning can take place in the dedicated training room or training cabin, with assistance if needed, but as well, the need to muli-skill management so that they may move more freely between departments is a must. Recently a new safety knife was introduced by Martor into the business which required a team of trainers which included myself to go around the Service Centre and retrain all team members on its use, thereby complying with Health and Safety legislation. Again, for those team members taking part in first level skills and EASL courses offered in partnership with Colag Gwent have a dedicated learning suit in the Service Centre free of use. So Wilkinson use both internal and external learning providers. Here we use several including, Colag Gwent, Wallace Cameroon, T2, Martor and RespiSafe to name a few outside organizations that Wilkinson have used in the last year. and most of them provide their own equipment; we just provide the training room or training cabin for use. Some of the learning environments on offer are driven by outside agencies and so they will set different routes and time allocated. If on the other hand I am tasked with developing a new team member into a new roll a rough plan will be developed by myself with a time scale. This will be very flexible as a team member can learn much faster than others so I tend to go at the learners speed. In some cases though, maybe when a development course is on offer it may only be for a few hours in a classroom and that is it. Some times a monthly workshop may be conducted. Again the training can be conducted as one to one, coaching, shadowing, classroom, workshop and course development and can range in time between a few hours, weekly or monthly depending and the length of the training. Comparing the different forms of learning environments can be quite hard here in Wilkinson but as a trainer I am very focused on individual needs training. Any outside agency provided training has a tendency to be classroom based formal in our training room, with a set agenda and time frame with a structured flow and direction. Some of these courses like the LMS workshops will have several sessions that are one day per month for a few months that are planned to cover certain topics with homework assignments to be completed prior to the next session. Others are once a month meetings for an hour or so to review work completed and advise, plan and set new targets for completion such as NVQ’s. They are provided by an outside agency but the time limit is more flexible and even though a time limit is set for completion often this is extended for completion. On the other hand some courses provide by outside agencies are intense, for example the Cameroon Wallace â€Å"First Aid at Work course is either a two day refresher course with a practical exam at the end, pass or fail to complete to the five day First Aid at Work course for new First Aid trained team members which will cover the topic’s in more detail, with homework in the evening and a pass or fail practical exam at the end of the course. My own style of training will be one to one or groups of no more than five. Even though I have a time limit to conduct the training it is very relaxed and will move at the slowest team members pace. It is mainly conducted on the shop floor with plenty of practical demonstrations and hands on activities.

Longinus from on the sublime Essay Example

Longinus: from on the sublime Essay Name: Course: Instructor: Date: We will write a custom essay sample on Longinus: from on the sublime specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Longinus: from on the sublime specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Longinus: from on the sublime specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Longinus: from on the sublime Sublime theory is a style of writing or speaking that is used to expresses the content in a great way. Rhetoric is an art of persuading the minds of the listeners. Rhetoric is related to science since it through it that scientists try to demonstrate through different theory the existence of nature. In addition, it is through rhetoric relation that divine objects are explained. This greatness described by sublime is indescribable, limitless and immeasurable. According to Longinus, the term sublime, has never been clearly defined since it consists of many aspects such excellence, distinction, amazement and wonder, combined into one. I agree with Longinus for there are divine things in the nature whose, magnificent cannot be explainable. Therefore sublime which is the style used to express this magnificent is not definable. Longinus states that people pose some serious challenges to the theory of sublime. Some argue that sublimity is a natural art that is inborn hence; it cannot be taug ht nor acquired. However, Longinus disagrees with them and calls this perception a fault that people have towards sublimity. He adds that the other fault that people commit when it comes to sublimity is turgidity, which is a tendency to overdo sublime. This fault occurs when a writer goes overboard when describing the greatness of the content in the poem or speech. Another fault that Longinus describes is pseudo-bacchanalian that touches on application of unnecessary emotions in poetry or speech. He explains that emotions should go hand in hand with the content written rather than the writer imposing their own emotions where one is not needed. In my own opinion, I would say that the writers impose their own emotion that they feel regardless of the readers’ emotion since the writer is passionate about the subject. This faults that writers commit are what makes their work not to be considered sublime. Sublime in rhetoric theory is a product of the poet. According to Plato’s theory of knowledge, which defines knowledge as a belief of something that a person has when that belief is justified through, prove. Plato explains that having a belief alone is not the same as knowledge rather it is having a belief that is proven beyond doubt through sufficient evidence (Benson, 2000). This theory therefore exempts this theory of sublime since the theory does not provide proof beyond doubt on matters it expresses. Rhetoric theory therefore is not easily accepted in science and religion matters since in these two areas a measurable proof is needed to convince people of their existence. Therefore, in line with this theory Longinus reconciles that sublime writing is not something that is acquired easily but through experience. Longinus explains ways on how a writer can acquire knowledge on sublime writing through several ways that he proves by presenting examples of other writers. The fir st way he describes of attaining sublimity is through the greatness of thought. This greatness is achieved through the writer conceiving powerful ideas that the writer will successfully put in writing. The writer must put the idea into words, and it should reflect the same effect as the thought. The other way of attaining sublime in writing is the appropriate use of emotions that are both inspiring and strong in the poem or speech. The emotions should be genuine and in line with the content. I disagree with Longinus on choosing emotions; I believe that the writer should express the greatness of the subject according to how the writer feels since the idea is generated by the writer and the purpose is to persuade the readers. The other way is selecting and organizing the thoughts into writing using different writing features and combining them in a proper manner to attract and captivate the listeners. This is achieved through amplification, that is, putting more emphasis on all the details that are in that poet by strengthening the argument or situation behind it to give it more meaning. The other technique is visualizing the images of the ideas to create clarity to the audience or readers. This technique when blended well with the facts creates easy persuasion to the readers or listeners and makes them listen more closely. The other technique is figures that are used to create a deeper design or to deduce the situation. It works well in diverting the current situation at hand by providing relief to the listeners. Figures should be chosen and used depending on the occasion, place, purpose and the manner to be represented. Figures help in creating suspense to the listeners by masking the real design of the writing until later. Therefore, the critics who think that sublime is an art one is born with are incorrect. Though Longinus explains that it is not easy he clarifies that it is possible for a writer to attain sublime in rhetoric theory through learning, practicing and experience. Work cited Benson, Hugh H. Socratic Wisdom: The Model of Knowledge in Plato’s Early Dialogues. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2000. Print

English Vocabulary Review Essay Example

English Vocabulary Review Essay Example English Vocabulary Review Paper English Vocabulary Review Paper Essay Topic: Poetry Allegory This is a story with two or more levels of meaninga literal level and a symbolic levelin which events, settings, and characters are symbols for ideas or qualities. Alliteration This is the repetition of initial consonant sounds at the beginnings of words. Analogy This is a comparison based on a similarity between things that are otherwise dissimilar. Analyze This is to separate a whole into its parts. Antonym This is a word or phrase that means the opposite of another word or phrase. Archetypal Character This is a character in a work that represents a certain type of person. Arguement This involves one or more reasons presented by a speaker or a writer to lead the audience or reader to a conclusion on an issue. Aside This is a brief comment delivered by an actor, which expresses the actors thoughts. It is usually directed to the audience and not heard by other actors. Assonance This is the repetition of vowel sounds followed by different consonants in two or more stressed syllables. Audience This is whoever will be reading, listening or watching a story, text, or drama. Authors Purpose This is the reason for creating written work. Ballad This is a rhymed, songlike poem that tells a story, often dealing with adventure or romance. Central Idea The key point made in a passage Central Message This is the theme of a passage, story, novel, poem, or drama that readers can apply to life. Character This is an individuals mental or moral quality. Characterization This is the combination of ways that an author shows readers what a person in a literary selection is like. Characters These are the people or animals who take part in a literary work. Comedy This is a work of literature, especially a play, that has a happy ending. Comic Relief This is a funny or humorous episode inserted in the midst of a serious literary work. It is intended to relieve dramatic tension. Compare This is a method of relating how two or more elements or texts are SIMILAR. Compare and Contrast This is a method of relating two or more objects in a piece of work. Complex This describes something that is complicated, difficult, or consists of interrelated parts. Conclusion This is when you use pieces of information on a subject to base your opinion or make a decision. Conflict Often, an antagonistic relationship called a ________ drives the plot of a story or novel. Connotation This refers to the feelings and associations that go beyond the dictionary definition of a word. Context Clues These are in the text surrounding a word and give hints for the meaning of the word. Contrast This is a method of relating how two or more elements or texts are DIFFERENT. Cultural Elements This includes language, ideologies, beliefs, values, and norms. These elements help to shape the life of a society. Cultural Setting This is the phrase for the set of values, beliefs, and opinions shared by a group and surrounding the author at the time of their writing. Denotation The literal definition of a word is also called its __________. Detail This is a piece of information that is used to support a main idea. Dialect This is a form of language that is characteristic of a particular place or is used by a particular group of people. Dialogue These are the words spoken by characters in a literary work. Diction This is the writers choice of words, including the vocabulary used, the appropriateness of the words, and the vividness of the language. Direct Characterization When a character is revealed by clear descriptions by the author, this is called _____ . Drama This is a play, written to be performed by actors. Dramatic Poem This is a poem that makes use of the techniques of drama. The speaker is clearly someone other than the poet. More than one character may speak. Dynamic A character who changes during the course of a story is called a ______ character. End Rhyme This is the repetition of similar sounds that comes at the ends of lines of poetry. Epic Poem This type of poem is very long and usually relates the adventures of a legendary character or a national history. It is often passed down orally before being written. Euphemism This is the substitution of an agreeable or non-offensive phrase for one that might be unpleasant or offensive. Evidence This is the information that supports a thought or belief. Fiction This is writing that tells about imaginary characters and events. Figurative Language This goes beyond the literal meanings of words to create special effects or feelings. Figure A word or phrase that is not meant to be taken literally but figuratively is called a ______ of speech. First Person Point of View This is a point of view in which the story is told by one of the characters. Flashback This is a scene, a conversation, or an event that interrupts the present action to show something that happened in the past. Flat Character This is a person in a fictional work that is never fully developed by the author. Foil This character serves by contrast to highlight opposing traits of the main character to further define that main character. Foreshadowing This is the use of hints in written works about what will happen later. Form This is the structure into which a piece of literature, such as a poem, is organized. Free Verse This is poetry written without a regular rhyme scheme, meter, or form. Generalization This is forming a broad idea based on specific instances; inductive reasoning. Genre This is the category or type of literature. Haiku This is a highly compressed form of Japanese poetry that creates a brief, clear picture in order to produce an emotional reaction in the reader. It relies upon images taken from nature and on the power of suggestion. It has three lines of five, seven, and five syllables each. Historical Context The setting and circumstances in which a literary work is written or an event occurs. Historical Fiction This is a subgenre of fiction. It is written to portray a time period or share information about a specific event. It is set in the past and based on real people and/or events. Historical Setting This is the political, social, cultural, and economic time and place surrounding the creation of a literary text. Homonym This is a word that has multiple meanings and is spelled in the same way for both meanings. Hyperbole This is extreme exaggeration used in a literary work. Idiom This is a phrase in common use that can not be understood by literal or ordinary meanings. Imagery (1) This is the use of language that appeals to the five sensestouch, taste, smell, hearing, and sight. (2) This uses sensory images to help readers to picture a person, a place, or an event. Implied Meaning This is a suggested, but not stated, definition. Indirect Characterization This is when an author reveals a person in the story characterization through his/her words, thoughts, appearance, action, or what others think or say about him/her. Inference This is reading between the lines. It is taking something that you read and putting it together with something that you already know to make sense of what you read. You make an _____. Informational Text This is a type of real-world writing that presents material that is necessary or valuable to the reader. Internal Rhyme When words within a line of poetry have the same sounds, it is called ______. Internal Conflict This is when a character has a problem within him or herself. Interpretation This is the explanation of the significance or meaning of a work. Irony This is the contrast between appearance and reality or what is expected and what actually happens. Limerick This is a five-line poem with a rhyme scheme of A, A, B, B, A. Limited Third Person This is a third person point of view where that narrator relates the inner thoughts and feelings of only one person. Literal Meaning This is the ordinary, usual, or exact meaning of words, phrases, or passages. No figurative language or interpretation is involved. Literary Elements The components used together to create a fictional work are called _____. Literary Device A type of tool or strategy to enhance an authors style. Literary Period Literary works are often grouped into these because they share a time span. This allows analysis for traits common to an identified time. These can include conventions, styles, themes, and philosophies. Literary Summary A _____ summary is a synopsis of the events, characters, and ideas in a work of literature. Logical Fallacy This is a part of an argument that is flawed and makes the argument invalid, an error in reasoning. Lyric Poem This is a highly musical verse that expresses the observation and feelings of a single speaker. Main Idea This is the central and most important idea of a reading passage or presentation. Major Conflict The main problem in a literary work is called the major ____. Metaphor This is a direct comparison of two things, in which they are said to be (in some sense) the same thing. Meter (1) This is the rhythm or regular sound pattern in a piece of poetry. (2) This describes the length and internal structure of lines in a poem or play. Minor Conflict This is a small problem in a literary work. Monologue This is a long, uninterrupted speech by a character in a play, story, or poem. Mood This is the feeling that an author wants readers to have while reading. Multiple Meaning Words These are words that have more than one definition. They are called _____. Narrative Poem A poem that tells a story is called a ____ poem. Narrator This is the teller of the story. Non-Literal Meaning This is when the meaning is NOT exact or word for word. It is figurative and it requires interpretation. Omniscient Third Person (1) The point of view where the narrator relates the inner thoughts and feelings of every character is called _________. (2) This is a point of view; the narrator KNOWS EVERYTHING about the characters and events, and describes the characters and action from outside the story. Onomatopoeia This is the use of words that sound like the noises they describe. Opinion This is an expression of an authors personal belief. It is not something that can be proved to be true or false. Oxymoron This is something which seemingly cannot be, yet it is; a contradiction. Paradox This is a statement that leads to a contradictory situation in which something seems both true and false. Paraphrase This is the restatement of a written work in ones own words that keeps the basic meaning of the original work. Period This is an end punctuation mark that indicates the end of a sentence. Person vs. Environment This describes the type of conflict that places a character against forces of nature. Person vs. Person This describes the type of conflict when the leading character struggles with his/her physical strength against other characters, animals, or forces of nature. Person vs. Self This describes the type of conflict when the leading character struggles with himself/herself; with his conscience, feelings, or ideas. Person vs. Technology This describes the type of conflict that places a character against scientific advances, machines, robots,etc. Personification This is a type of figurative language in which human qualities are given to nonhuman things. Perspective This is a writers or speakers point of view about a particular subject, and is often influenced by their beliefs or by events in their lives. Playwright This is someone who writes theatrical plays. This person is also known as a dramatist. Plot This is the series of events that happen in a literary work. Poem This is an arrangement of words in verse. It sometimes rhymes, and expresses facts, emotions, or ideas in a style more concentrated, imaginative and powerful than that of ordinary speech. Poetry This is the third major type of literature in addition to drama and prose. Point of View This is the perspective from which a story is told. It is the way the author lets the readers see and hear the story; who tells the story Pun This is a humorous word play that usually is based on several meanings of one word. Repetition (1) This is a stylistic device where the writer repeats the same word, or phrase for the purpose of emphasis. (2) This is a persuasive technique in which a word, phrase, or entire sentence is repeated to reinforce the speakers message. Resolution This is the part of the plot where the conflict is ended. Rhyme This is the repetition of similar sounds at the ends of words. Satire This is writing that uses humor to ridicule or criticize individuals, ideas, or institutions in hopes of improving them. Scheme The regular pattern of rhyme found at the ends of lines in poems is called the rhyme _____. Sensory Details These are images to help the reader see or hear or feel things. These are details that appeal to the senses. Setting This is the time and place in which a literary work happens. Simile This is a comparison of two unlike things using the terms like or as. Slant Rhyme This is the use of words with similar or inexact end sounds to create rhyme. Soliloquy This is a long speech expressing the thoughts of a character who is alone on the stage. Sonnet This is a fourteen-line lyric poem, usually written in rhymed iambic pentameter. Speaker In a book or poem, this is the voice which narrates the story or discussion. It may or may not be a character in the story or poem itself. Stage Directions This is information written in the script of a play to tell actors where to go or how to speak their lines. Stanza This is a group of related lines in a poem, similar to a paragraph in a story. Static Character A _________ character does not change during the course of the action. Subjective This term describes a narrator or writer who puts his or her own opinions and feelings into the description of the action in a piece of writing. It is the opposite of objective. Summarize This is to state briefly Support (1)To strengthen or prove an argument or idea by providing facts, details, examples and other information. (2) To strengthen your ideas and opinions with examples, facts, or details is to add _____ details. Supporting Evidence These are the facts or details that back up a main idea, theme, or thesis. Symbol This is a person, place, thing, or event that represents something more than itself in a literary work. Symbolism This is the use of objects or ideas that represent something other than themselves. Synonym This is a word or phrase that has the same or almost the same meaning as another word or phrase. Theme This is the message, usually about life or society, that an author wishes to convey through a literary work. Third Person Point of View This is a point of view where the author uses pronouns like he and she in telling a story. Tone This is the attitude that an author takes toward the audience, the subject, or a character. Tragedy This is a work of literature, especially a play, that results in a catastrophe for the main character. Universal Theme This is the central message of a story, poem, novel, or play that many readers can apply to their own experiences, or to those of all people. Viewpoint This is a writers opinion or standpoint on an issue. (Stage) Whisper A stage ____ is a dramatic device in which a line is delivered so that it cannot be heard by some of the characters in the play, but it can be heard by the audience. Word Choice (1) This is another way of saying diction. This can help reveal a) the tone of the work, b) connotations of meaning, and/or c) his style of writing. (2) This is the authors or speakers craft or style. It might be formal, informal, or even slang. Diction is a synonym.

An Analysis Of Liberal Democracy In Russia Politics Essay

An Analysis Of Liberal Democracy In Russia Politics Essay Russia is one of the important countries and the largest country in the world, which established worldwide power and influence in the international politics. The arguable question, in which interested a lot of knowledgeable people, is what the regime has the Russian Federation after the death of Communism and how it works. The majority of Western Europe and USA has very critical opinion about Russian politics and definitely argue that Russia has not liberal democracy. They also believe that it is unlikely to thrive in post-Communist Russia. In my essay I will debate if liberal democracy could thrive or not in Russian Federation, giving the arguments and facts of both sides. Firstly I will argue that liberal democracy cannot thrive in Russia because of many arguments. The first is the high level of corruption. The second is the siloviki and oligarchs, who have enormous political power. The third is absence of media freedom. The fourth is lack of civil society. The fifth is Constituti on, which give a lot of power to the president and no strong opposition. It means that Russia has a one-party system. However, there is some soil for liberal democracy. The first argument is democratic experience. The second argument is a right to create political parties. The third is a right to practise citizens’ culture and religious. The fourth is a freedom of speech, belief and discussion. I argue that liberal democracy could thrive in Russia, only if the barriers to liberal democracy will pass, such as corruption, siloviki, absence of media freedom. I will argue that to make more suitable soil for liberal democracy Russia should change a Constitution, to create a strong opposition, and emphasis for reforms, which protect individual rights, increase civil liberties, improve the well-being of citizens; develop society to pursue their interests and develop own talents. But, when these criteria would not be achieved, liberal democracy is unlikely to thrive in post-communist Russia. Criteria of liberal democracy Firstly, I would like to define democracy and describe the criteria of liberal democracy, looking which of them Russia has. According to McFaul, democracy is the institutional arrangement where the individuals have the power to make political decisions by means of competitive struggle. According to this minimal definition and implicit in ‘analysis of the rule of law, civil society and the party system in Russia is an ideal type of liberal democracy rather than a minimal standard of electoral democracy’ (McFaul, 2004: 2-3). However, liberal democracy has the criteria, by which we could judge Russian regime. The first is the control of the state by elected civilian officials; the military is subordinate to the government. The second is a right to form a party and contest the elections by any group, which adheres to constitutional principles. Thirdly, a right for different ethnic, religious or different minority groups should exist fo r practicing their culture or express their interests in the political process. Fourthly, the freedom of belief, opinions, discussion and speech should exist. The last is that the citizens are equal under the law.